Sunday, May 26, 2013

Role Play



What is Role Playing?

In role playing, students act out characters in a predefined "situation".
Concept of role playing
Role playing is unprepared, unrehearsed dramatization. Role play is form of acting in which the general role of the players is defined but they do not have scripts to follow. This situations are played can be short term or long term.
Role play refers to group of techniques in which participant are ask to accept a different identify   to try to think their way into some else situation and perhaps into their mind as well.
One might assume Role playing to be ´´ acting´´ on a stage with script. However that is practically correct it is also wrong, for the most part. Role playing indeed is a form of acting. Though it doesn’t take place on any sort of stage and there are no script used.  In role playing there are multiple people, each controlling their own character and acting as a characters.  Typically one person will create a storyline of sort to follow and they all will play out that set storyline adding their own twists and turn along the way. These character courses have personality, history, and role in the story. The easiest way to describe Role playing is as work in progress book that is written together by many people.

Purpose of Role play.
           Engage student actively in learning, so that they appreciate the value of participation, rather than just hoping to learn by absorption.
           Help students to understand the feeling and attitudes of others by experiencing situations rather than just hearing or reading about them.
           Provide students with opportunities to develop a range of communication and social interaction skill such as listening, speaking act while they interact with others.
           Develop students self confident, self esteem and self images.
           Encourage students to take deep approach to learning.
           Help student to explore their values and appreciate the consequences of their values based actions.
           Help students resolve conflicts that have arisen in the classroom or that they may have encountered elsewhere.
           Give students practice at taking action on their own behalf and on behalf of others in real world situations.


Principles of instructional role play.

1.         Acceptance of student’s responses
The teacher shall accept all responses in a no-evaluation manner. For example, a student should have spirit to play the role of father and mother.
2.         Research and exploration.
This helps students to explore several of problem situations and compare alternatives views. It helps students to solve the problems.
3.         Feedback.
The teacher shall promote the students awareness of their own views and feelings by reflecting, summarizing and paraphrasing their responses.
4.         Explanation of role play
The teacher shall explain the concept of role play and emphasize that there are different ways to play a role alternative way to resolve a problem.

 Procedural- step in enacting a role play(1).
1.         A situation for role- play.
To begin with, choose a situation for a role play, keeping in mind students need‘s to and interest. Teacher should select role play that will give the student an opportunity to practice what they have learned. At the same time, we need a role play that interests the students. They might either suggest themselves that intrigue them or select a topic from a list of given situations.
2.         Role plays design.
After choosing a context for a role play, the next step is to come up with ideas on how this situation may develop. Student‘s level of language proficiency should be taken into consideration. If you feel that your role play requires more profound linguistic competence than the students possess, it would probably be better to simplify it or leave until appropriate. One low intermediate and more advanced levels, role play with the problem or conflict in them work very well because they motivate the characters to talk and to build  in these problem let the standard script to go wrong. This will generate tension and make the role play more interesting.

3.         Linguistic preparation.
Once you have selected suitable role play, predict the language needed for it. At the same beginning level, the language needed is almost completely predictable. The higher the level of students the more difficult it is to prefigure acutely what language students will need, but some prediction is possible.
For example;
The situation of role play is returning item of clothing black to the stone. The teacher asked question, such as, in this situation what will you say to salesperson? And write what the students dictate on the right side of the board. when this is done on the left side of the board the instructor write down useful expression, asking the students, can the customer say it in another way?, what else can the sale person say? This way of introducing new vocabulary makes the students more confident acting out a role play. 

4.         Factual preparation
 This step providing the students with concrete information and clear role description so that they could play their roles with confidence.
For example
In the situation at a rail way station, the person giving the information should have relevant information; the times and destination of the trains, prices of tickets etc. in a more advance class and in a more elaborated situation include on a cue card a fiction name, statues, age personality, and fictitious interest and desires.
    
5.         Assigning the roles
Some instructors ask for volunteer to act out a role play in front of the class though I might a good idea to plan in advance what roles to assign to which students. At the beginning level the teacher can take one of the roles and act it as a model. Sometimes, the student has role play exercises for the home task.
6.         Follow- up
Once the role play is finished, spend some time on debriefing. This does not mean pointing out and correct the mistakes. After the role play, the students are satisfied with themselves; they can feel that they have used their knowledge of the language for something concrete and useful. This feeling of satisfaction will disappear if every mistake is analyzed. Every student should ask their opinion about the role play and welcoming their comment.

Procedural- steps in enacting a role play. (2)
1.         Warm up the group
Have to form a group of students and needs to choose a situation for a role play, in which situation they are going to play and also how they are going to play. Have to make the role play very interesting to the students and in order to make interesting better to let them to choose the situation themselves. If the teacher choose roles and situation for the students then they may not be act and play the role in an effectively.
2.         Select participants.
It has to select the participants for the role play individually about what role they want to take. For instance if we play a role in situation of family then, have to select who wants to take a role of father, mother, brother, sister and etc…
3.         Set the stage
Stage needs to be prepared unlike usual ones. Moreover what need to prepare is how the individual roles are going to act and speak according to the particular role that they are taking. And also prepare what types of dressings they are going to wear which is suitable for the particular roles.
4.         Prepare the observer.
When the role is going to play there also need to have some public watching the play. And also need to have observer or judge to observe and note down how far the role players can acted and speak accordingly and also what mistakes that they are committing because they need to improve next time.
5.         Enact
Here it is playing a role in reality according to the particular roles that the individuals took.

6.         Discuss and evaluate
Mainly discussed about the positive and negative feedback’s but mainly focused about the negatives which are evaluate by the observer while they were acting a role play. Have to really prepare against the mistakes, that they made and develop the next enactment perfectly.
7.         Re-enact
After making perfections against the mistakes that they made, again they are going to enact the role- play.
8.         Share experience and generalize
Needs to share about what good experience that they gained after acting such a role-play. Good experiences like working in team/groups, cooperation with friends, confidence and etc… also need to convey the message to the public that, what moral they are conveying.

Advantages of role play.

           Provide opportunity for student to assume the role of others.
           Provides opportunity to practice skill.
           It enhances communication.
           It demonstrates how people interact.
           It improves interpersonal skills.
           It helps to identify emotions in others.
           It helps individuals to learn to accept both their own feelings and those of others.
           It develops confidence and self-efficacy.

Disadvantages.
           Insufficient information leads to inappropriate results.
           Aggressive students try to take over.
           Is time consuming.
           If not manage well criticism and negative evaluation may occur.
           Proficient oral skill is necessary.
           Difficulty for shy person.
           The lack of space and the large number of students can make the organization of the activities difficult.
               



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